Passivity-based control formulations preventing operator-induced oscillations and preserving realistic force-feedback during high-latency remote teleoperation.
Time delays over satellite or long-distance cellular links destabilize traditional force-reflection teleoperation loops. UGVSync integrates Niemeyer wave-variable transformations, converting velocity and force signals into passivity-guaranteed wave parameters.
The operator console projects real-time physics-based shadow vehicle avatars that predict true vehicle state 500 ms into the future, enabling smooth steering around obstacles despite communication latency.